Chernihiv –is a city in the North of Ukraine - the regional center of the Chernihiv region. Throughout his history, he was one of the main centers of political, economic and socio-cultural life of Ukrainians.
The city is famous for its monuments of the times of Kyivan Rus and the Principality of Chernihiv, as well as the Hetmanate and the Cossack Chernihiv Regiment.
Chernihiv is located in the western part of the Chernihiv region. It is located in the Dnieper Lowland, on the right bank of the Desna River.
Today there are many different legends associated with the city's name. According to one of them, the name of the city is associated with the name of the daughter of the same prince "Black" (Chornyi in Ukrainian language), who threw himself out of the window of the prince's tower, in order to avoid abuse by the enemies who stood besieged around the city. Other legends say Chernihiv owes its name to the dark, dull, "black" forests that surrounded the city on all sides.
Chernihiv has its own emblem, flag, hymn and tourist logo that reflect the status of the city.
The emblem of Chernihiv was approved on December 1, 1992 by the Chernihiv City Council. It consists of a silver shield, which is located on a black crowned eagle with a golden beak and paws. The eagle holds a golden cross on the diagonal left paw. The coat of arms of Chernigov and the whole Chernihiv region of the 18th-19th centuries became the basis for the emblem.
The flag of Chernihiv was approved on June 26, 2008 by the Chernihiv City Council. The flag is a rectangular white cloth with a ratio of 2 to 3, in the center of which is a black single-crowned eagle, which holds a golden cross with a left paw. The author of the flag is Honored Art Worker of Ukraine Boris Dedov. According to the plans of the artist, the flag reflects the historical epochs of the city's development from the Cossack times and contains the main element of the emblem of Chernigov. The flag is used on all official city events.
Hymn of Chernihiv, approved in 2010. It was determined on the basis of the city contest, which lasted more than a year. The best example of the city's hymn is chosen from 20 applications. The authors of the Anthem of the Chernihiv Territorial Community are composer Anatoly Tkachuk and poet Ivan Burenko.
Transport
Chernihiv is divided into 2 districts: Desniansky and Novozavodskyi. The districts divide the city in half (the border passes through the Peace Avenue): Desnianskyi - Eastern part, Novozavodskyi - the Western part of the city.
In Chernihiv there are a river port, a railway station, a bus station and 2 bus stations, city bus carriers and trolleybuses. An extensive network of routes characterizes passenger traffic: 46 bus and 9 trolleybus routes. Starting from 2000, transportation in the city is carried out by private entrepreneurs, which resulted in a significant expansion of the route network, which covered all areas and micro districts of the city.
Industry
The economy of the Chernihiv Oblast mostly deals with petroleum and natural gas extraction, transport, machinery, tobacco and textile industry. A major tobacco factory is situated in Pryluky. Cities of Bakhmach and Nizhyn are the important railway junctions on the route from Russia and Belarus to South-Eastern Europe. There are notable machinery and electronics industries in Chernihiv. Chernihiv also has a beer brewery producing beer under the name "Chernihivske".
Culture
The Taras Shevchenko Music and Drama Theater was founded in May 1926, in the late Soviet times a theater of dolls named after them appeared, theatre of Oleksandr Dovzhenko and Youth Theater. The Philharmonic Center for Festivals and Concert Programs includes an academic ensemble of songs and dance, chamber choir, symphony orchestra and folk choir.
Club type institutions - Municipal Palace of Culture and Palace of Culture of Artistic Creativity of Children, Youth and Youth. There is also the Summer Theater in the City Park of Culture and Leisure (City Garden) on Shevchenko Street.
The city has two cinemas: Friendship and Multiplex at Hollywood shopping mall (opened in September 2015).
Literature
Among the libraries of Chernihiv is the city library named after Mykhail Kotsiubynskyi, the Regional Universal Scientific Library named after Volodymyr Korolenko, the Children's Library named after Mykola Ostrovsky, as well as the regional library for youth. The city has a well-developed centralized library system.
Museums and galleries
There are about ten museums in Chernihiv. Among them: the Regional Historical Museum, the Literary and Memorial Museum-Reserve of Mykhail Kotsyubinskyi, the Regional Art Museum, the reserve "Ancient Chernigov", the Museum of Military History and the Museum of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine.
Exhibition halls and art-clubs often holds photo exhibitions and exhibitions of artists' works. The Intermezzo Cultural and Arts Center regularly hosts presentations of books, artistic projects, and creative meetings with artists.
Famous artists from the city are Oleg Sinelnik, Volodymyr Yemets, Ilya Pankok, Sergei Polyak, sculptor Gennady Yershov.
Interesting places
Chernihiv is an ancient city, the largest cultural and historical heritage is gathered in the valleys of Val and Boldiny Mountains. Val, aka Chernihiv Detinets, emerged as a fortified town in the 7th century, and for many centuries was the most important center of the city. Today on Val you can see the temples and buildings of different eras, and the most memorable of them are 12 cast-iron bastion cannons cast in the 18th century. Every Chernihiv resident has a whole collection of photographs next to cannons of different ages and seasons, and all tourists are told the story that when someone does not want to go on a date, he suggests to meet about the 13th gun. No guns - no meeting.
Another important building on the edge of the fortification is the Collegium, the first higher educational institution of the Left Bank of Ukraine, which functioned since the beginning of the 18th century. During the Second World War, the building was destroyed and completely restored in 1954-1995.
Look in the House of Mazepa (Gorky, 5A) - it is the House of the Regimental Chancellery, a white building of amazing architecture, built in the XVII century, from 1698 it was owned by the hetman Mazepa.